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Installing an oil-filled power transformer requires careful planning and adherence to strict safety guidelines due to the high voltages involved and the flammable nature of the oil. Below is a general guide for the installation process.
Location: Choose a location that is well-ventilated, away from potential fire hazards, and can support the transformer's weight. Ensure there is easy access for maintenance and emergency services.
Foundation: Construct a sturdy, level foundation according to the manufacturer's specifications. This is typically a concrete pad designed to bear the transformer's load and dampen vibrations.
Drainage: Ensure proper drainage around the site to prevent water accumulation, which can lead to corrosion or contamination of the oil.
Use appropriate lifting equipment (such as a crane) and follow all safety protocols when unloading and positioning the transformer. Make sure all lifting points are properly rated and secured.
Position the transformer on the prepared foundation, ensuring it is level and properly aligned with any connecting equipment.
Initial Inspection: Before filling or connecting, inspect the transformer for any damage during transit.
Filling: The transformer should be filled with transformer oil through a designated filling valve, using clean, dry oil that meets the specified grade and purity standards. It is often recommended to fill the transformer while it is in a horizontal position to avoid air pockets.
Bleeding Air: After filling, bleed any trapped air from the transformer using the vent valves. This is crucial to prevent hot spots and ensure proper cooling.
Oil Testing: Perform oil tests (dielectric strength, moisture content, etc.) as per industry standards before energizing.
Connect the high and low voltage bushings to the respective switchgear or cables, following the wiring diagram provided by the manufacturer. Use appropriate connectors and ensure all connections are tight and insulated properly.
Ground the transformer strictly according to the manufacturer's instructions and local electrical codes.
Install and connect necessary auxiliary systems such as cooling systems (if not integral), oil temperature monitoring, and pressure relief devices.
Ensure the breather (if equipped) is connected and filled with desiccant to prevent moisture ingress.
Install warning signs and barriers around the transformer to prevent unauthorized access.
Provide fire protection measures like sand buckets, fire extinguishers suitable for oil fires (Class B extinguishers), and possibly a fire suppression system.
Perform a series of tests including insulation resistance test, polarity check, and functional tests on cooling and protection systems.
Conduct a dry run without load to verify all systems are functioning correctly.
Energize the transformer under controlled conditions and monitor its operation closely for any anomalies.
Keep detailed records of the installation process, test results, and maintenance schedules.
Develop a routine maintenance plan that includes regular oil testing, visual inspections, and cleaning to ensure optimal performance and longevity.
Remember, the safety of personnel and compliance with local regulations are paramount throughout the installation process. Always work with qualified electrical engineers and follow established safety protocols.
